Bills introduced this month in both the House and the Senate contain two provisions that are of particular significance to hedge funds. One provision would materially alter the tax treatment of offshore hedge funds with U.S.-based managers, and the other provision would change the tax treatment of “dividend equivalent” payments made on notional principal contracts (or “swaps”) that reference U.S. stocks. The proposed legislation, which was introduced by Senator Carl Levin (D-Michigan) and Representative Lloyd Doggett (D-Texas), contains various other provisions, including the addition of certain reporting requirements, as well as certain presumptions to be applied in judicial and administrative proceedings, with respect to amounts derived by U.S. persons from offshore entities. In a guest article, Mary Conway, Lucy W. Farr and Rachel D. Kleinberg, all partners of Davis Polk & Wardwell’s Tax Department, explain the two provisions and the implications of the provisions for hedge funds.